TY - JOUR T1 - The Role of Gender in Promotion and Pay over a Career JF - Journal of Human Capital Y1 - 2014 A1 - John T. Addison A1 - Orgul Demet Ozturk A1 - Si Wang KW - earnings KW - private sector KW - promotion KW - public sector AB -

Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79), this paper considers the role of gender in promotion and subsequent earnings development and how this evolves over a career. In its use of three career stages, the study builds on earlier work using the NLSY79 that considers gender differences in the early career years alone. The raw data suggest reasonably favorable promotion outcomes for females over a career. But the advantages seem to be confined to less-educated females. And while there are strong returns to education for males through enhanced promotion probability and attendant wage growth in later career this is not the case for females. Although this latter finding is not inconsistent with fertility choices on the part of educated females, choice is seemingly only part of the explanation.

VL - 8 L2 - eng UR - http://www.uc.pt/feuc/gemf/working_papers/pdf/2014/gemf_2014-07 CP - 3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Crisis and Social Policy: The Role of Collective Agreements JF - International Labour Review Y1 - 2012 A1 - Glassner, Vera A1 - Maarten Keune KW - collective agreement KW - collective bargaining KW - EU countries KW - Europe KW - private sector KW - public sector KW - social policy AB -

Based on an analysis of collective agreements concluded across the EU in 2008–11, the authors examine their contributions to social policy through provisions for short-time work, training, wage moderation, and flexibilization of wage setting and working time. They highlight the distinction between the public and private sectors in this respect, contrasting the former's very limited scope for integrative bargaining in the face of mounting budget deficits and austerity with the latter's (initially) more balanced trade-offs between cost competitiveness and maintenance of employment and wages, especially in countries with coordinated bargaining systems. Elsewhere, the authors argue, the outcomes look set to deteriorate further.

VL - 151 L2 - eng CP - 4 ER -