TY - BOOK T1 - The Glass Ceiling in Chinese and Indian Boardrooms: Women Directors in Listed Firms in China and India Y1 - 2015 A1 - deJonge, Alice KW - China KW - gender discrimination KW - gender equity KW - India AB -

This book is about the presence, role and status of women on the boards of listed firms in India and China and is written amongst increasing awareness of the need to ensure at least a minimum level of gender equity in corporate positions of power and the costs of failing to do so. In America, the Catalyst Census of Women Board Directors of Fortune 500 companies, created in 1993, encouraged the leadership of those companies to increase the number of women serving on their boards. In the UK, the FTSE 100 Cross-Company Mentoring Programe facilitates mentoring relationships between senior women from different FTSE 100 firms. In Norway, 2006 saw the coming into effect of a legal requirement for at least 40% of list company board positions to be filled by women. The introduction of this new requirement has proven effective. In 2003, the boards of publicly listed firms had 7% of their positions filled by women. By July 2008, the proportion of women directors had risen to 39%. A draft Companies Amendment Bill 2003 in India would have allowed the Minister to prescribe a gender quota for company boards, but the provision was dropped from the Companies Bill 2008 which eventually replaced the 2003 draft. This leaves the world’s two most populous nations without any formal institution or regulation aimed at supporting women in the boardroom. Nor is there any existing literature focusing specifically on the presence, role and status of women directors in these two countries. This book aims to fill that gap, with a particular emphasis on the possibilities and likelihood for future reform in this area.

PB - Chandos Publishing CY - Witney, UK L2 - eng ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Labor Relations in a Globalizing World Y1 - 2015 A1 - Katz, Harry C. A1 - Thomas A. Kochan A1 - Alexander J. S. Colvin KW - Brazil KW - China KW - emerging countries KW - globalization KW - India KW - labor relations KW - South Africa AB -

Compelled by the extent to which globalization has changed the nature of labor relations, Harry C. Katz, Thomas A. Kochan, and Alexander J. S. Colvin give us the first textbook to focus on the workplace outcomes of the production of goods and services in emerging countries. In Labor Relations in a Globalizing World, they draw lessons from the United States and other advanced industrial countries to provide a menu of options for management, labor, and government leaders in emerging countries. They include discussions based in countries such as China, Brazil, India, and South Africa which, given the advanced levels of economic development they have already achieved, are often described as “transitional,” because the labor relations practices and procedures used in those countries are still in a state of flux.Katz, Kochan, and Colvin analyze how labor relations functions in emerging countries in a manner that is useful to practitioners, policymakers, and academics. They take account of the fact that labor relations are much more politicized in emerging countries than in advanced industrialized countries. They also address the traditional role played by state-dominated unions in emerging countries and the recent increased importance of independent unions that have emerged as alternatives. These independent unions tend to promote firm- or workplace-level collective bargaining in contrast to the more traditional top-down systems. Katz, Kochan, and Colvin explain how multinational corporations, nongovernmental organizations, and other groups that act across national borders increasingly influence work and employment outcomes.

PB - Cornell University Press CY - Ithaca, NY L2 - eng ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Workers And Social Movements Of The Developing World: Time To Rethink The Scope Of Industrial Relations? JF - International Labour Review Y1 - 2015 A1 - Ratna Sen A1 - Chang-Hee Lee KW - Brazil KW - China KW - developing world KW - India KW - industrial relations KW - informal economy KW - informal workers KW - labor relations KW - nonunionized worker KW - precarious employment KW - Russian Federation KW - South Africa AB -

Against the background of decline in traditional industrial relations institutions in post-Fordist economies, the authors review the patterns of counter-movement to globalization that are emerging in the defense of workers in developing countries, with a particular focus on Asia. From the Marxian struggle they identify in China to the widely varied forms of protest and representational organization they observe in India, they argue for a more inclusive approach to industrial relations, both in practice and in research. The future, they suggest, will be shaped by the interplay of reform from above and the social movements spontaneously filling today's representational vacuum.

VL - 154 L2 - eng CP - 1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indian Public-Sector Trade Unionism in an Autocratic Political Climate: The Distinctive Case of Gujarat JF - Capital & Class Y1 - 2014 A1 - David Beale A1 - Ernesto Noronha KW - Bharatiya Janata Party KW - Gujarat KW - India KW - organized labor KW - political hegemony KW - public-sector trade unionism KW - trade unionism AB -

The power and influence of trade unionism in telecommunications, state government employment and municipal bus services are examined in Gujarat, an Indian state ruled by the Hindu nationalist, pro-big business Bharatiya Janata Party. We identify significant examples of resilience in unions critical of the BJP, alongside conflicts of interest and challenges for pro-BJP unions. These are somewhat surprising findings in a context expected to be hostile to class-based trade unionism, suggesting an important pole of ongoing, organized labor opposition to Gujarat’s perceived political hegemony, and posing some wider issues. In the interim between the writing and publishing of this article, the BJP won India’s 2014 general election.

VL - 38 L2 - eng CP - 3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - International Labor Standards: How Far is India? JF - International Journal of Research & Analysis Y1 - 2014 A1 - Malik, Harshit KW - child labor KW - freedom of association KW - India KW - international labor standards KW - labor law AB -

Growing concerns and debate over rights of workers have been much discussed in the contemporary treatise. While, most countries have ratified all international conventions on labor standards, there still exist many who do not agree with some of them. India is one of those countries. India has only partially accepted international labor standards and is being constantly urged to adopt the rest. This paper is one contribution to the debate of India’s ratification of International labor standards. Over the course of analysis, we seek to argue that India’s discourse on labor legislation has not necessarily been flawed merely because it has not ratified some of the conventions. The paper focuses on the 8 fundamental conventions identified by the International Labor organization. The paper analyses India’s national labor legislations from the perspective of International labor standards. The paper is divided in three parts. The first describes India’s profile as per ILO. The second part, which comprises of further subparts, will discuss corresponding laws in India for the conventions not ratified by it, and will try to understand the reason for non-ratification with the help of case studies. The last part of the paper offers an opinion on India’s decision of non-ratification.

VL - 2 L2 - eng UR - http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2486506 CP - 3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Labour Reforms in India: Issues & Challenges JF - Journal of Management & Public Policy Y1 - 2014 A1 - Jha, Srirang KW - India KW - labor market KW - labor reforms AB -

This paper provides a critique of slow pace of labour reforms in India and consequences of rigidities in labour market, archaic labour laws and glaring skill deficit. The country has failed to reap demographic dividends as a consequence of policy paralysis so far as labour reforms are concerned. Sporadic changes in labour laws have been ineffectual in attracting foreign investors or provide an impetus to domestic entrepreneurs interested in expanding manufacturing facilities. The paper presents an incisive account of emerging issues and challenges that pose roadblocks for labour reforms in India and imperatives for enhancing labour productivity and lowering labour cost without compromising international labour standards.

VL - 5 L2 - eng UR - http://jmpp.in/wp-content/uploads/Srirang-Jha.pdf CP - 2 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Overcoming the Youth Employment Crisis: Strategies from Around the Globe Y1 - 2014 A1 - Gregory Randolph KW - Brazil KW - Germany KW - India KW - Indonesia KW - South Africa KW - unemployment KW - working conditions KW - youth unemployment AB -

The youth employment crisis is one of the greatest perils facing the global economy today. Young people around the world – in industrialized, emerging and developing economies alike – face acutely high levels of unemployment, low wages, poor working conditions, and obstructed pathways to economic mobility. This report examines 5 themes related to youth employment: (1) Young people require not only jobs, but career pathways, (2) Young people’s aspirations must inform job creation strategies, (3) Beyond job creation and training programs, policymaking must tackle the broader social and economic obstacles that limit young people’s employment prospects, (4) Policy coherence and effective coordination among stakeholders is required for any youth employment program to succeed and (5) Collective bargaining rights are critical to improving youth job outcomes. The report examines a range of youth education, social protection and employment programs in Germany, Brazil, U.S., India, South Africa, and Indonesia etc.

PB - JustJobs Network CY - Washington, D.C. L2 - eng UR - http://justjobsnetwork.org/wp-content/pubs/reports/Overcoming%20the%20Youth%20Employment%20Crisis.pdf ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Race to Lower Standards? Labor Standards and Location Choice of Outward FDI from the BRIC Countries JF - International Business Review Y1 - 2014 A1 - Jing-Lin Duanmu KW - Brazil KW - BRIC countries KW - China KW - Greenfield foreign direct investment KW - India KW - labor standards KW - Russia AB -

Scholars argue that multinational corporations tend to locate their investment in countries with lower labor standards, but empirical results are highly inconsistent. In this paper, we investigate the effect of differential labor standards on the location choice of outward greenfield foreign direct investment (FDI) from Brazil, Russia, India and China (i.e., the BRIC countries). We find robust evidence that while there is a tendency towards the attraction of FDI by lower labor standards in developed countries, such a “race” is absent in FDI directed to developing countries. Location choice is highly path dependent upon previous trading relations between the home and the host country, which hampers the MNCs’ ability to arbitrage. Conversely, capital mobility at the industry level is found to intensify the race to lower standards.

VL - 23 L2 - eng UR - http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/804740/1/A%20Race%20to%20Lower%20Standards.pdf CP - 3 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Transnational Corporations from the Standpoint of Workers Y1 - 2014 A1 - Rathzel, Nora A1 - Diana Mulinari A1 - Aina Tollefsen KW - AB Volvo KW - India KW - Mexico KW - neo-liberalization KW - South Africa KW - Sweden KW - transnational corporations AB -

This book explores the history and global expansion of AB Volvo, one of the hundred largest corporations in the world, through the experiences of its workers in Sweden, Mexico, South Africa, and India. It investigates how neo-liberalization has transformed the company into a promoter of lean production, at the expense of the workers' needs.

PB - Palgrave Macmillan CY - London L2 - eng ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Workers, Unions, and Global Capitalism: Lessons From India Y1 - 2011 A1 - Hensman, R. KW - employees’ unionism KW - global capitalism KW - globalization KW - India KW - labor movement KW - workers’ rights AB -

While it's easy to blame globalization for shrinking job opportunities, dangerous declines in labor standards, and a host of related discontents, the "flattening" of the world has also created unprecedented opportunities for worker organization. By expanding employment in developing countries, especially for women, globalization has formed a basis for stronger workers' rights, even in remote sites of production.

Using India's labor movement as a model, Rohini Hensman charts the successes and failures, strengths and weaknesses, of the struggle for workers' rights and organization in a rich and varied nation. As Indian products gain wider acceptance in global markets, the disparities in employment conditions and union rights between such regions as the European Union and India's vast informal sector are exposed, raising the issue of globalization's implications for labor.

Hensman's study examines the unique pattern of "employees' unionism," which emerged in Bombay in the 1950s, before considering union responses to recent developments, especially the drive to form a national federation of independent unions. A key issue is how far unions can resist protectionist impulses and press for stronger global standards, along with the mechanisms to enforce them. After thoroughly unpacking this example, Hensman zooms out to trace the parameters of a global labor agenda, calling for a revival of trade unionism, the elimination of informal labor, and reductions in military spending to favor funding for comprehensive welfare and social security systems. (publisher's statement)

PB - Columbia University Press CY - New York L2 - eng ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Labour and the Challenges of Globalization: What Prospects for Transnational Solidarity? Y1 - 2008 A1 - Bieler, A. A1 - Lindberg, I. A1 - Pillay, D. KW - Argentina KW - Brazil KW - Canada KW - China KW - Germany KW - globalization KW - India KW - Japan KW - South Africa KW - South Korea KW - Sweden KW - trade unions AB -

This book critically examines the responses of the working classes of the world to the challenges posed by the neoliberal restructuring of the global economy. Neoliberal globalisation, the book argues, has created new forms of polarisation in the world. A renewal of working class internationalism must address the situation of both the more privileged segments of the working class and the more impoverished ones. The study identifies new or renewed labour responses among formalised core workers as well as those on the periphery, including street-traders, homeworkers and other 'informal sector' workers. The book contains ten country studies, including India, China, South Korea, Japan, Germany, Sweden, Canada, South Africa, Argentina and Brazil. It argues that workers and trade unions, through intensive collaboration with other social forces across the world, can challenge the logic of neoliberal globalization. (publisher’s statement)

PB - Pluto Press CY - London L2 - eng ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Globalization and Industrial Relations of China, India and South Korea: An Argument for Divergence Y1 - 2005 A1 - Ali, M. A. KW - China KW - Dunlop’s model KW - globalization KW - India KW - industrial relations KW - South Korea AB -


Driven by technological advances, improved communications, economic liberalization, and increased international competition, globalization
has brought in an era of economic, institutional and cultural integration. Under globalization the workplace practices are under a constant state of flux. Academics are not only analyzing the benefits and the deleterious effects of this phenomenon on the employment relations of deve loped and under-developed nations. They have also stirred up the old controversy regarding the longer-run trajectory of employment relations systems under the pressures of globalization. The debate is on the question that whether the industrial relations systems of countries are converging or diverging. This paper analysis employment relation systems of three Asian countries-China, India, and Korea- and makes a case for diversion in employment relation systems.
 

PB - University of Rhode Island CY - Kingston, RI L2 - eng UR - http://www.uri.edu/research/lrc/research/papers/Ali_Globalization.pdf ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Change and Transformation in Asian Industrial Relations JF - Industrial Relations Y1 - 2002 A1 - S. Kuruvilla A1 - Erickson, C. KW - China KW - India KW - industrial relations KW - industrialization KW - Japan KW - Malaysia KW - Philippines KW - Singapore KW - South Korea AB -

Authors argue that industrial relations systems change due to shifts in the constraints facing those systems, and that the most salient constraints facing IR systems in Asia have shifted from those of maintaining labor peace and stability in the early stages of industrialization, to those of increasing both numerical and functional flexibility in the 1980s and 1990s. The evidence to sustain the argument is drawn from seven “representative” Asian IR systems: Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, the Philippines, India, and China. They also distinguish between systems that have smoothly adapted (Singapore, Malaysia, and the Philippines) and systems that have fundamentally transformed (China and South Korea), and hypothesize about the reasons for this difference.

VL - 41 L2 - eng UR - http://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/cbpubs/36/ CP - 2 ER -